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The backwash of testing on teaching can be positive or negative. This article is based on the findings of a study carried out in Kenya on strengthening the development of literacy in English among primary school children, which established that the learners performed poorly on skills that were not directly tested in the conventional examinations. Interventions used in improving teaching, learning, and assessment to target communicative competence are discussed in the article. Reprinted by permission of the publisher.

an: 508197207; source: Educational Forum; docTypes: Article; pubTypes: Academic Journal;